Transformation of Management through Taylorism- myassignmenthelp

Question: Talk about theModern Transformation of Management through Taylorism. Answer: Presentation Taylorism is a logical organization upheld by Fred Taylor. In Taylor's thought, the capacity of the mechanical unit organization was to decide the most ideal route for the representative to play out the obligation, to offer appropriate contraption and preparing, and to give inspirations through motivations for incredible execution. Fred Taylor bust each occupation down into its character developments, assessed these to concur on which were significant, and set time for the laborers with a stopwatch (Giannantonio, Hurley-Hanson 2011, p. 9). With futile development precluded, the staff, watching a machine-like practice, became unquestionably progressively innovative and profitable. Taylorism depended on an orderly investigation of people, characters, and obligations. The obligation or capacity of Taylorism was that they followed the arrangement of breaking the work movement into sub-obligations or least potential segments with a goal to deal with the most effective method for achieving a circumspect errand and obligation. Would laborers in Australia, America or some other landmass acknowledge Taylorism in this structure today? In the present setting, representatives around America, Europe or Australia would not consolidate or acknowledge Taylorism in its underlying structure and status. A great deal has changed with respect to the improvement of innovation and mechanization that is being applied by numerous organizations today, and there is positively no insight in incorporating the founded hypothesis totally (Minshall, 2015, P.609). In any case, in the event that it is as of now applied or executed, there would explicit consequences expected to make the establishment hypothesis a blasting. Laborers would not acknowledge it again in light of the fact that the administration assumes responsibility for all the exercises. In this circumstance, laborers will feel dampened since they are ignored in the day by day arranging process; it needs inclusivity. Think about the plan of contents for use in Call Centers, would you be able to see Taylorism in that? Consider focuses everywhere throughout the world consistently have situated regions and drawn on work markets, where setting up amazing sorts of consolidated premium portrayal has been troublesome. So also, call focuses have been portrayed to disdainfully as cost focuses, mirroring the methodology that client care is an expensive and exorbitant drain on assets. The goal has distinctively been to offer minimal measure of administration expected to ensure client upkeep is kept and kept up. In view of this thought, call focuses have been made do with bounty estimated amount of logical hypothesis. A large portion of the present discoveries have condemned Taylors hypothesis; in any case, from the clasp, Taylorisms impacts appear to be as yet a plague in numerous enterprises (Chung, 2013, p.54). A few pieces of the business world have determinedly clutched the Taylorisms inheritance as firmly as call focus as can be seen from the clasp. This clasp is indicating history from 100 years back. Some would state that the world has proceeded onward and these thoughts are outdated. Notwithstanding, could there be portions of the present reality for which these thoughts may be exactly what they need? Clarify. The world has truly advanced, and a considerable amount has occurred. As a matter of first importance, an extraordinary huge change in the field of innovation has changed the entire world. Be it from business, horticulture, to assembling segments separately. Innovation has changed the world, and it resembles individuals presently live under a similar rooftop through availability in correspondence (Yashiro Backer, 2011, p. 368). In any case, different pieces of the world despite everything require the thoughts that were utilized 100 years prior to encourage development. This has really been found in the field of advancement where a few pieces of the world from different landmasses are abandoned most definitely. A few nations can't make their own items, it is it is possible that they import the workforce or the item itself. Such countries despite everything need the old thoughts. Segment II What might be a portion of the key downsides or dangers of living in the level universe of Globalization 3.0 as Friedman portrays it? As per Friedman, level world is, where there are no barricades and individuals can work, be in contact and coordinate across limits. In any case, there are a few disadvantages or risks of existing in a level world. These incorporate; Business rules that gather opportunity of association Decent variety that prompts various contemplations Individuals making their own guidelines to work together since there are no limits Do you concur with Friedmans iron standard of the level world? Clarify. The level world can permit anyone to do anything they need. In the wake up of mechanical turn of events, individuals can execute absent a lot of battle, for instance, you visit a site to book, download and print tickets just as standardized identifications to load onto a plane or a transport. I concur with Friemans rule since individuals will consistently learn new things and do what they like at their customary ranges of familiarity. Is the degree of globalization uniform over the world? Clarify. The degree of globalization isn't uniform. Since its presentation, economy of various countries has changed. There is bigger choice before the purchasers, who presently appreciate the improved quality and lower costs of a few things. Be that as it may, the opposite side of the main problem isn't exceptionally clear. The versatility in labor laws has exacerbated the status of the laborers since some are named on non-ordinary establishment to maintain a strategic distance from office of opportune reserve and different luxuries. In certain countries, laborers are compelled to work additional hours with no extra time being paid. In addition, little scope organizations have been likewise influenced adversely since they can't contend with organizations that work in enormous scope. End By and large, there would likewise be businesses around the globe, which need the very much idea out apparatus of the thoughts as referenced in the above inquiry. Since the hypothesis of Taylorism or logical administration however started a century prior, the controlling methods of reasoning which are tied and associated by means of this hypothesis have a drawn out effect. The guideline division of work, propelling and offering motivating forces to dedicated representatives, the presentation of straightforward creation philosophies is brilliant guidelines for set up adventures (Grubb Tremblay, 2015, p.244). Right application and the utilization of these methods of reasoning in the present time ensure accomplishment to any association. Both Taylorism and Fordism are faultless for advancing creation; nonetheless, they expect associations with huge use. References Giannantonio, CM, Hurley-Hanson, AE 2011, 'Frederick Winslow Taylor: Reflections on the Relevance of The Principles of Scientific Management 100 Years Later', Journal of Business Management, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 7-10. Minshall, T 2015, 'Key Management of Technological Innovation', RD Management, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 609-610. Accessible from: 10.1111/radm.12104. [21 April 2018]. Varadarajan, R 2017, 'Enhancing for supportability: a system for economical advancements and a model of reasonable developments direction', Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 14-36. Accessible from: 10.1007/s11747-015-0461-6. [21 April 2018]. Chung, CH 2013, 'The Road Not Taken: Putting The board Back to Taylor's Scientific Management', Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (1947-2900), vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 45-56. Yashiro, N, De Backer, K 2011, 'Worldwide worth chains in a postcrisis world: An improvement point of view. Altered by Olivier CATTANEO, Gary GEREFFI and Cornelia STARITZ', International Labor Review, vol. 150, no. 3-4, pp. 367-369. Accessible from: 10.1111/j.1564-913X.2011.00121.x. [21 April 2018]. Grubb, M, Tremblay, V 2015, 'Presentation: Behavioral Industrial Organization', Review of IndustrialOrganization, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 243-245. Accessible from: 10.1007/s11151-015-9475-y. [21 April 2018].

Kants Deontology

IntroductionThe word Deon is a Greek word and it implies obligation. As per the deontological hypothesis activities aren't right or right in themselves, very far off from their impact. In this hypothesis certain activities are permitted or forestalled by the contention that every one of the activity is either right or wrong as per the moral commitments. So the individuals who have confidence in utilizing a deontological hypothesis would acquire thought the fundamental rights and obligations of gatherings or people and act as indicated by their good duties.Immanuel Kant the extraordinary savant, who had lived in the eighteenth century, proposed the work which is utilized for the reference of deontology. As indicated by him every individual has got confidence and respect in legacy. He accepts that nobody has option to treat others in a negative manner for his own means.Kantian DeontologyKant contends that lone cooperative attitude is totally acceptable as opposed to the satisfaction, d elight or something different. The individuals who perform terrible deeds are perpetually discontent and satisfied The thing which is as per and represents the purpose of obligation is cooperative attitude. Kant implies that solitary those activities have moral worth which is performed for obligation. He decides the virtue of one’s deeds by the hesitance towards his purpose of obligation implies more noteworthy one is reluctant towards the purpose of obligation, more the ethical worth of activity. In this way good obligation is free of and precedes the idea of goodnessThe cooperative attitude needn't bother with any capability for being acceptable, consequently it is acceptable all alone. . Kant doesn't have confidence in being willed well in view of the outcome being delivered by it For Kant an individual is responsible for just those things that are heavily influenced by him. Despite the fact that what we will for our deeds is inside the intensity of us yet the consequences of our demonstrations are most certainly not. Similarly regardless of whether more negative outcomes are delivered by the activities of an individual of positive attitude, he merits praise.Kant proposes that cooperative attitude is just acted exclusively by the correct expectation. The goal of cooperative attitude is for obligation. The various expectations for activities are either carrying on of personal circumstance or for obligation or acting through tendency. For understanding the distinction among the various goals for the activities being performed, relate this to the corporate world case of a sales rep at any association whose clients are fulfilled and he has generosity. (Karl, 1982)This is on the grounds that he has never been unscrupulous to his clients and customers, since he has never cheated to those clients and customers who are unpracticed. Presently there can be three purposes behind him to be completely forthright. Initially he treats actually due to an exceptional rivalry in his association. He believes that in the event that he would be really legitimate with his clients, they would not go to his rivals and would in this manner want to work with him thus he would be granted by the association. So in this he is straightforward as a result of personal responsibility and not for the obligation and for Kant this demonstration isn't the ethical demonstration since it is performed for personal circumstance as opposed to the duty.Another purpose behind him to be straightforward is because of a tendency. This implies he gets delight from his trustworthiness which has worked out easily for him and as indicated by Kant such sort of activities which are performed because of tendency, are likewise unethical. This is on the grounds that the tendency is completely temperamental and nonsensical, and is followed as a result of its fancy not in view of its explanation. These equivalent emotions from which we are enlivened and perform kind acts may likewise motivate us to play out the heartless and coldblooded acts. That is the reason tendency is untrustworthy. (Karl, 1982)Thus as indicated by Kant, the individual who acts sincerely in light of the fact that he believes that it is his obligation paying little mind to his tendencies to play out those capacities, that is an individual of goodwill So the individuals who are liberal however nature yet help the poor in light of their inside sentiment of being pity are not acting ethically, instead of those being miserly and help for obligation. The later ones are acting ethically For Kant the need of carrying on of regard for all inclusive law is obligation. The individual who acts sets up the good and moral value.The essential good rule as indicated by Kant is the Categorical Imperative a basic is only a commitment or order. The idea of an all out basic is not quite the same as that of theoretical objective and can be better and can be comprehended in its difference. A speculative basic includes those activities which are acted so as to achieve different objectives But it doesn't includes those activities whom one couldn't care less for accomplishing the objectives. .The primary qualification of all out basic is that it just accentuates the proper behavior regardless of the outcome or objective one may achieveâ â Kant accepts that an unmitigated basic is the place, when there is a major standard of ethical quality. This is on the grounds that the moral and good motivations overwhelm different reasons and causes.â For instance an association has a self intrigued motivation to swindle its clients by making lower quality items yet in the event that profound quality is grounded in an absolute goal, at that point it’s moral.But if ethical quality is grounded in a straight out basic than the ethical reason against deceiving the clients commands oneself intrigued cause. . The definitions of Kant’s Categorical Imperative are that we ought to consistently treat ourselves as well as other people at closes not for your methods for our closures. Proverb is a guideline on which we act readily. Kant holds that perform just those sayings which consistently will to be an all inclusive law. (Howard, 1995)These definitions are utilized by Kant for various expressive ways for same fundamental guideline of regard and incentive for other people, They are not equal but rather can be utilized for communicating the equivalent in that every detailing encourages one to act in a similar way. The principal definition holds that people ought to be treated as creatures that have inherent worth methods they have esteem which is free of their value for any purpose.It rejects utilizing an individual for one’s own motivation. In any case, it discloses to us that one ought to never utilize an individual only as a way to your own closures. This implies on the off chance that somebody is eager to accomplish our work than that is satisfactory however on the off chance that he is constrained that is dishonest so we ought not beguile others in doing our will. Straight out Imperative restricts impulse and double dealing. In impulse or misdirecting others, we damage their will and upset their autonomy.The second definition licenses to perform just those activities whose adage can turn into a widespread law of nature. One following up on saying requires the trial of universalization with the goal that everybody can follow up on it. It isn't fundamental that a specific adage ought to consistently be a widespread law however it must be applied on an all inclusive premise, just that is ethically allowable. This can be identified with the corporate work world in the manner that if a representative working in an association beguiles everybody by deceiving his manager and by not playing out his capacities well reasoning that what he is doing, is right.If his thought processes are acceptable then he breezes through the primary assessment of de ontology, however in the event that he applies all his above examined activities on an all inclusive premise that everybody would begin conning then would this tricking work? Obviously not, for the explanation that cheating relies upon duplicity. Individuals would not be beguiled in the event that they are relied upon to be cheated. So for Kant and his Categorical Imperative cheating is ethically off-base. So it is must to conclude that proverb can be applied on a widespread scale. On the off chance that it can, at that point the activity is regarded to be acceptable, on the off chance that it can't, at that point the activity is considered to be ethically bad.Corporations have profoundly formalized dynamic structures since they are social gatherings and they need to keep in concern the advantages of the individuals present in their interior just as outside condition and affect the religions and choices and convictions of the people who are individuals from the enormous scope compan y. So as per Kant corporate aims can't be decreased to the individual members’ total choices. Truth be told, all the choices must be applied on all inclusive premise which are ethically satisfactory. Along these lines the people have the ability to change the course of the corporate character by holding their capacity, given that adequate number concurs on that change which is required. (Howard, 1995)ReferencesAmeriks, Karl. (1982) Kant's Theory of Mind: An Analysis of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Caygill, Howard. (1995) A Kant Dictionary. Oxford, UK; Cambridge, Mass., USA: Blackwell Reference. ISBN 0-631-17534-2, ISBN 0-631-17535-0

Romance in Manga and Comic Book Review - 550 Words

Romance in Manga and Comic (Book Review Sample) Content: Romance in Manga and ComicNameInstitutionCourseJanuary 22nd 2015 Romance in Manga and ComicComic and manga are two different terms although they present relatively similar information. Comics are drawings, images, or pictures causing humor or laughter, while manga refers to an Asian stylish graphic of trade books (Heer Worcester, 2008). Comic and manga have several categories however; this article aims at analyzing romance in manga and comic (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance in manga and comic is an interesting story to read (Heer Worcester, 2008). Most of romantic comic and manga books are famous to the old and teenagers. They express lovers companion as well expressing ones feeling towards each other (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure one  INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20100822/201008222245056951.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET 
The above picture represents a Japans romance comic/manga. According to this picture, the partn ers are expressing love to each other through a romantic sitting whereby, the woman bends towards the chest of the Youngman. This sitting posture strengthens lover either in a relationship, courtship or in a marriage (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure two INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20100615/201006151051138768.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET 
The above figure shows another romantic comic and manga picture. According to its physical outlook, the couples are wearing uniform suits. Thus, love can be upgraded through outfits and hairstyle (Heer Worcester, 2008). This picture love in the mask helps to show how important it is for the couples make one another happy through dressing and walking together (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure two INCLUDEPICTURE "https://sarayek.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/reedsue.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET 
  INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20091018/200... Romance in Manga and Comic Book Review - 550 Words Romance in Manga and Comic (Book Review Sample) Content: Romance in Manga and ComicNameInstitutionCourseJanuary 22nd 2015 Romance in Manga and ComicComic and manga are two different terms although they present relatively similar information. Comics are drawings, images, or pictures causing humor or laughter, while manga refers to an Asian stylish graphic of trade books (Heer Worcester, 2008). Comic and manga have several categories however; this article aims at analyzing romance in manga and comic (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance in manga and comic is an interesting story to read (Heer Worcester, 2008). Most of romantic comic and manga books are famous to the old and teenagers. They express lovers companion as well expressing ones feeling towards each other (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure one  INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20100822/201008222245056951.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET 
The above picture represents a Japans romance comic/manga. According to this picture, the partn ers are expressing love to each other through a romantic sitting whereby, the woman bends towards the chest of the Youngman. This sitting posture strengthens lover either in a relationship, courtship or in a marriage (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure two INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20100615/201006151051138768.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET 
The above figure shows another romantic comic and manga picture. According to its physical outlook, the couples are wearing uniform suits. Thus, love can be upgraded through outfits and hairstyle (Heer Worcester, 2008). This picture love in the mask helps to show how important it is for the couples make one another happy through dressing and walking together (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure two INCLUDEPICTURE "https://sarayek.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/reedsue.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET 
  INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20091018/200...

Analysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem Harlem Sweeties

From â€Å"Mother to Son† to â€Å"Harlem Sweeties†, Langston Hughes uses various themes and poetic structures within his writing. Hughes writing style consisted of the black pride and strength of the black community that would later be considered as the â€Å"driving force† behind The Harlem Renaissance. His poems and short stories seemed to evoke a feeling of hopefulness, pride and self- realization. He wrote song lyrics, essays, autobiographies and plays however, his multi-dimensional style of writing consisted of varying themes. Captured in each theme is Hughes’ interpretation of the identity within the African-American culture. Dignity, Racism, Music and Knowledge of Self are some of the common themes that are embodied in Hughes’ work. In the poem â€Å"Harlem Sweeties†, he pays homage to the physical beauty of the African-American women living in Harlem during a time when being black was not considered to be a beautiful trait within t he eyes of â€Å"white society†. He captures the dignity of the women of Harlem by comparing their varying complexions to decadent desserts and sweet fruits. Langston Hughes had a witty way of using similes and metaphors to capture the inner strength and integrity of the black community. His writing reflects a sense of pride in his racial identity and he was realistic about the oppressive nature of living in a â€Å"white society†. In order to gain a further understanding of the complexities within Hughes free style of writing, we must explore the common themes

The Collision of Ones Conscience and Human Law - 1113 Words

The collision of ones conscience and human law is inevitable. Human law is a law generated and made by man. These laws contribute to how society functions and how society is controlled legally. Human law is more familiar to us because our ways of thinking have lived, grown and developed in a society where conforming to human law is practiced by majority. The interference of ones conscience and human law creates an ongoing debate of whether the law or personal morals should come first when a conflict regarding the two presents itself. When choosing between the two, man commonly chooses to trust human law and ignore their conscience in order to feel accepted into society. This diminishes the chances for man to counter and test the unjustness’s in society. The conscience is an aptitude, faculty, intuition or judgment that assists in distinguishing right from wrong. The corruption of governmental control over society leads man to doubt his own ethics and consciousness. The Human Law destructs and damages the most important law of all: Natural Law. Natural law, the law that was bestowed upon us by a higher power, allows man to use his conscience to apply our personal ethics to the world around us. In order to find the moral and ethical solution to a conflict, mans conscience should be trusted and chosen when a conflict between the two arises. In the analogical words of Henry David Thoreau, when man is presented with an unjust law he can do three things: follow it, break it andShow MoreRelatedThe Conflict Perspective Views Society Less as a Cohesive System and More as an Arena of Conflict and Power Struggles. Compare and Contrast the Main Tenets of the Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives.1319 Words   |  6 PagesThe â€Å"Collective Conscience† is the force which influences the behavior of the people. 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Mill argues that the only restraints set upon people are those in order to prevent someone from doing direct harm to another1 . Rawls goes one step further, where he solves not only the idea of freedom but also the issue of equality in freedom that is not touched upon by previous philosophers. Although the ideas presented by John Rawls may seem far fetched in their mechanisms, I feel thatRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain2951 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain is one of the most successful literature novels in American literature. St. Petersburg, a town on the banks of the Mississippi River, is where the story plot unfolds in times leading to the Civil War. The main characters come from different backgrounds, but combine their willingness to escape what they can’t control. Huckleberry Fin â€Å"Huck Finn† is an uneducated but independent boy who gains intellect through his newly acquired experiences and from

Capital budget free essay sample

Critically reflect on the importance of capital budgeting. Why is this heated subject in many boardrooms? How does capital budgeting promote the financial health of an organization? How will you use the financial techniques you have learned this week to promote the financial health of your organization? A capital budget is very important for a business. It is a heated subject because a decision about capital budgeting can help the business to determine if the proposed investments or project are worth taking or not. There are two things that a business has to take into consideration when it is making a capital budget decision. First there are financial decisions that have to be made. Second, there is an investment decision that is also made. When the business decided on the investment for a project that they will want to buy with their fund in order to help their business grow; therefore, in order for the business to invest it has to look at the available funds and bottom line of that project. We will write a custom essay sample on Capital budget or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For a budget there are costs to take into consideration in order to begin the project. The business must know how much money it has on hand or avaible so that it can invest into the project and begin working on it. Depending on the investment or project the business might have the funds needed or might have to get other help from outside sources. There are many things that go into an investment for a project. Businesses have to be committed and realize that there are a number of risks that come with any type of investment. Also, the project could cost a lot of money and it will have to deal with certain restrictions that are set with regulations. In most cases, the decision makers will be held accountable for whatever risks or returns that company might come across. As a result, those who are making the decisions would have to answer to their owners or shareholders if things do not go according to plans. It is important that the business can pay for any new project/investment that it makes. In making decisions on an investment one has to know what returns the investment could make or bring for the business. If the business was to make an investment on a project that was not right or not profitable the smart thing to do would be to not invest in the project or consider it at all. An investment that does not make any money can be wasteful for the business and make it lose a lot of money in the long run. That is why it is important for those who make the decision to evaluate all of their alternatives, risks, and returns, etc in order to decide on whether or not to reject or accept a project that it might have in mind. As a result, to promote the financial health of any organization one should know the present value of the investment and have a good ideal of how long that investment will take to mature and give back returns. In order to create a capital budget I have to consider the needs of the organization, look at the finances, goals, and position that the business is. In doing I could make a decision about the needs of that business. Second, I would have to collect, compare, analyze, and evaluate the cash and financial statements in order to compare the cost and revenue. It would give me some lead way into the position of the business when it moves forward to the future. Third, the capital budget would have to be compared to the cash flow, because it will help me to know how important it is to make the investment only if it increases the financial bottom line and increase the total financial performance of the business. I can use the estimates that I have for the capital that is needed and the financial situation of the business to compare and decided when and how the capital investment will be recovered. If it is an acceptable recovery, it is likely that the upper management will approved the capital budget. Lastly, when all things come into place I can create a budget, make sure that figures are accurate, and present it to upper management, once approved. I will make sure that the funds are available, be there to make sure that everything with the project goes according to plans. The following are capital budget techniques that a business should use when trying to evaluate, analyze, and decide on which investment to use. Net Present Value are present value of all cash flows connect to an investment Internal Rate of Return is the discounted rate that equates the present value of an investments future cash flows with the investments cost. Profitability Index Payback Period measures how many years it takes to recuperate the initial investment of a project.

Poems of Ogden Nash free essay sample

Examines social human insights in three works on sleep by American humorist Ogden Nash. The purpose of this research is to examine selected poems from three collections by Ogden Nash. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context in which each poetry collection emerged, and then to discuss, by means of comparison and contrast, how the poems reflect both Nashs humor and his strategy of social commentary. In three collections of poetry, Im a Stranger Here Myself, Versus, and You Cant Get There From Here, Nash uses light verse to accomplish the work of insight into certain realities of contemporary human experience. Although Nashs reputation is as an indefatigable American rhymester (Atwood 81), it would be misleading to confine his range of concern to diverting humor. For as a matter of fact, the evidence of the poems is that they are meant to oblige the reader to focus on realities that are not always. We will write a custom essay sample on Poems of Ogden Nash or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

Free Essays on The Strong Impact Slavery Had On The Spread Of Islam

The strong impact slavery had on the spread of Islam The word of the Quran had a strong influence on many cultures. The Muslims holy word was fitting to many and easily answered people’s questions on how to get into heaven and how to stay out of flaming hell. The spread of Islam moved quickly considering the extensive geography and different regions that were involved. While the word to the Quran brought guidance to many, Islam spread by word of mouth while trading and military conquests took place. (Stearn,68) Throughout this paper I hope to show how the African Diaspora and slavery both economically and geographically played a huge role in the spread of Islam. The Islam faith offered rules that where easily followed, and it didn’t condemn or renounce material wealth. Economically Muslims brought strong skills in navigation, trade, and commercial exchange. (Fiero, 50) The famous Jihad also translated as the â€Å"holy war† was used as a defense in faith against non-Muslims. Although the Muslim armies did have success in defending there faith and it was thought that the Muslim religion brought power and triumph. As Africans where traded into the Islamic world many of them accepted and agreed with the Islamic faith. (Stern, 68) One example of a military slave that converted to the Islamic belief was a man named Ammar bin Yasir. He was one of the first African’s to embrace Islam, which he did at 48 years old. He told his father, an old Sabena freedman and his mother, also an old black African slave-woman that he had converted to Muslim. They also decided to embrace the Islam culture. When Ammar made and early conversion to Islam he suffered a great deal for his decision. He was punished and tortured, he was forced to sit and witness the brutal and horrifying death of his mother and father for their decision to convert to the Muslim faith and embracing Islam. The pagan Quraysh put a burning rod through Ammara’s chest t... Free Essays on The Strong Impact Slavery Had On The Spread Of Islam Free Essays on The Strong Impact Slavery Had On The Spread Of Islam The strong impact slavery had on the spread of Islam The word of the Quran had a strong influence on many cultures. The Muslims holy word was fitting to many and easily answered people’s questions on how to get into heaven and how to stay out of flaming hell. The spread of Islam moved quickly considering the extensive geography and different regions that were involved. While the word to the Quran brought guidance to many, Islam spread by word of mouth while trading and military conquests took place. (Stearn,68) Throughout this paper I hope to show how the African Diaspora and slavery both economically and geographically played a huge role in the spread of Islam. The Islam faith offered rules that where easily followed, and it didn’t condemn or renounce material wealth. Economically Muslims brought strong skills in navigation, trade, and commercial exchange. (Fiero, 50) The famous Jihad also translated as the â€Å"holy war† was used as a defense in faith against non-Muslims. Although the Muslim armies did have success in defending there faith and it was thought that the Muslim religion brought power and triumph. As Africans where traded into the Islamic world many of them accepted and agreed with the Islamic faith. (Stern, 68) One example of a military slave that converted to the Islamic belief was a man named Ammar bin Yasir. He was one of the first African’s to embrace Islam, which he did at 48 years old. He told his father, an old Sabena freedman and his mother, also an old black African slave-woman that he had converted to Muslim. They also decided to embrace the Islam culture. When Ammar made and early conversion to Islam he suffered a great deal for his decision. He was punished and tortured, he was forced to sit and witness the brutal and horrifying death of his mother and father for their decision to convert to the Muslim faith and embracing Islam. The pagan Quraysh put a burning rod through Ammara’s chest t...

Analysis of Strategic Leadership Qualities Needed In Modern Dissertation

Analysis of Strategic Leadership Qualities Needed In Modern Organisations - Dissertation Example So at times, the leader would have a coaching style while at other times there would be a commanding style. Kelly (2000) argues that while leaders are free to adopt styles as per the situation, however, the leader would have one dominant style that would force all interactions. Some even though a leader would shift between visionary styles or pace setting style, the leader would ultimately be following the dominant style. The gap in the literature is that the desired qualities in a leader are not apparent. The subject of strategic leadership in organisations has been discussed in a number of publications (Boal, 2000), (Crossan, 2008), (Daily, 2002). Strategic leadership is about the quality of leadership in providing a direction for a planned and strategic direction for the growth of a firm. The focus is on adopting a growth plan that has a fully reasoned and logically structured growth plan. A strategic leader would be planning the organisation activities. The leadership is predicti ve and this means that the actions taken by the organisation are planned to meet the stimulus from the market forces. The actions are not reactive in the sense that the organisation would not be pulled in all directions by the market forces. A strategic leader would play many roles, that of a friend, mentor, guide, disciple, critic, detractor and well-wisher. Crossan (2008) speaks of five features that strategic leader should demonstrate. It is assumed that a leader who manages these five qualities will have the ability to achieve the business objectives. The five lessons are creating organisation wealth, bringing in a culture of innovation, leveraging the present to focus on the future; leading teams with a vision and inspiration and relying more on personal charisma and... This essay stresses that Strategic leadership is about the quality of leadership in providing a direction for a planned and strategic direction for the growth of a firm. The focus is on adopting a growth plan that has a fully reasoned and logically structured growth plan. A strategic leader would be planning the organisation activities. The leadership is predictive and this means that the actions taken by the organisation are planned to meet the stimulus from the market forces. The actions are not reactive in the sense that the organisation would not be pulled in all directions by the market forces. A strategic leader would play many roles, that of a friend, mentor, guide, disciple, critic, detractor and well-wisher. This paper makes a conclusion that a combination of literature review and primary research will be used. For the primary research, a survey instrument will be designed and administered to top managers of medium and large organisations in UK. These leaders would be approached through the college department and the cooperation of the managers will be requested. Contact will be made by calling up personally and through emails. The replies will be assessed and the results analysed. The difficulties anticipated are that these managers would not be willing or have the time to cooperate. The author of this paper will persist in his efforts to elicit responses. Secondary research will be performed by reviewing peer reviewed Journals and books on strategic leadership.

E-government Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

E-government - Dissertation Example It is worth mentioning that the aspect of e-government represents a dynamic process, constant innovations incorporated within advanced technologies and upgraded development of products along with processes. Consequently, the goal related to e-government depicts management of human as well as public finances and service delivery. Furthermore, it depicts enhancement of quality of the public services by a considerable level. It further takes into concern the climatic condition of investments that entail business-to-government transactional costs as well as lowers legal burdens. There exist four different models that are being used by the governments to create institutional framework in fulfilling the functions related to policy making as well as strategy formulation. Furthermore, implementation of models concerning e-government fosters effective governance as well as coordination by a greater level (Committee of Experts on Public Administration, 2003). Consequently, the four models repr esent policy along with investment coordination, administrative coordination, technical coordination and shared coordination. These models enhance the effectiveness of e-government related activities at large. With this concern, the concerned study will entail the global status as well as the trends being followed in the e- government sector. It will further entail the different models of e-government. The models of the e-government will include USA, Iraq and UK model. In addition, the study will further entail the historical process related to e-government. The study of the current situation prevailing within Kurdistan Region Government (KRG) forms a part of this study. Information related with the infrastructure of the society of KRG has also been included in this particular study. E-government based strategic targets as well as recommendations for KRG with respect to information society also frame a part of this particular study. The vision of the ministry of KRG linked with e-go vernment approach and its implementation forms a part of the concerned study. 2. Global Status and Trends in e-Government E-government represents the government that pursues to optimise the functions by transforming internal as well as external relationship in terms of applying information and communication technology. There exist certain effective driving forces that help in the development of e-government. World-making agenda helps ‘New Public Management’ coalitions in terms of raising the efficiency as well as the effectiveness within public administration. This further helps in saving with respect to personnel cost and thus raises the excellence of the communal services. Politicians, those who are concerned about societal welfare and the urban civilization based organisations consider e-government as an instrument for effectively managing labour market and reducing geographical constraints with respect to the supply of public services (Committee of Experts on Public Administration, 2003). Concerning with the emerging trends in e-government, it is to be stated that a new concept related to marketing as well as politics has been included in the contents of e- government website. Furthermore, it has been revealed that market value is defined in sub-categories. The subcategories

Final Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 6

Final - Research Paper Example While he thought that the theory would reconcile religions and cultures, they all turned against such civilization in unity; no religion has ever embraced Evolution. There still exists a rift in the theories and myths of origin of man and death. The aim of this paper shall be to critically discuss the topic origin and death of man from the various aforementioned perspectives. By so doing, a clear comparison or contrast among different ideologies and myths shall be exposed. One of the objectives is to compare how the topic has also been discussed by Benton Banai (The Mishomis Book), Rainey Gaywish, Dr. Brian Rice (Seeing the World with Aboriginal Eyes), and Vine Deloria Jr. (God is Red). Another objective would be to approve or disapprove the mythology and theories on the origin of man. The origin of man has usually been discussed on the platforms of Creation and Evolution theories. The beliefs and myths of the Aboriginals have always been sidelined by many philosophers and scientists. In as much creation and evolution seems to be the most universalized and civilized approaches, the Aboriginals are quite rich cultures and myths that need to be understood, as Benton Banai and Vine Deloria describe in their books. Evolution, offers that all living organisms originated from a common ancestor. Evolution has been defined as the gradual genetic change that the species usually undergo due to the environmental pressures. The DNA, a vital element of the animal cell, has taken all the living creatures to a single common ancestor. Most animals share the patterns of their DNA. This was before the evolution took place. The evolution eventually took place and the organisms have been biologically and geographically separated from each other. Evolution took place in three different forms. These are: Gradualism, Speciation and the Natural selection. In gradualism, the species take several generations to attain the desired change that will enhance their

Comparison between Adele Ratignolle and Mademoiselle Reisz Essay

Comparison between Adele Ratignolle and Mademoiselle Reisz In order to help to get a point or idea across it is not uncommon to provide two stark contrasts to assist in conveying the point. Writers commonly use this technique in their writing especially when dealing with a story that concerns the evolution of a character. An example of such writing can be found in Kate Chopin's The Awakening. The novel deals with Edna Pontellier's "awakening" from the slumber of the stereotypical southern woman, as she discovers her own identity independent of her husband and children. In order to illustrate the woman that Edna can become in The Awakening, Chopin creates two opposing forces Adele Ratignolle and Mademoiselle Reisz for her best friends that not only contrast each other but also represent different genres of women in Creole society. Adele Rataignolle serves as not only the epitome of the nineteenth-century woman but as Chopin's model of the perfect Creole "mother-woman". Adele's gold spun hair, sapphire blue eyes, and crimson lips made her strikingly beautiful even though she was beginning to grow a bit stout. A devoted wife and mother Adele idolizes her children and worships her husband. Her days are spent caring for her children, performing household duties, and ensuring the happiness of her husband. Even while vacationing at Grand Isle over the summer she thinks about her children and begins work on creation their winter garments. As a matter of fact sin...

Executive Summary: Compensation and Benefits

Executive Summary: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the best practices followed by HRM and to acknowledge the importance of compensation and benefit strategies used in organizations all around the world. Compensation and Benefits are used by different organisations globally to attract, motivate and retain their employees. This paper contains a case studies, summary and analysis of academic journals and books to understand the latest trends in compensation and benefits field.The three primary components which are used in designing a strategic compensation plan are listed. During the course of the paper, it discusses how the compensation and benefit strategies can be tailor-made for the different generations joining the workforce, and how these strategies are used in the organisations. Further, this paper highlights four different case studies giving the reader insight on the different ways compensation and benefits schemes were used by organisations in different scenarios.In this present day circumstances, with employees having access to all kinds of information regarding salaries, wages and benefits of other companies it is extremely important for any organization to have a fair and an attractive compensation system in place. Introduction: Employees are the most valuable assets of any organization. The main purpose of human resource management (HRM) is to manage the development and performance of people employed in an organization.Some of the significant tasks of HRM comprise of attracting and retaining employees with the right skills and abilities, match people to the right positions within an organization and to align employee’s goals and objectives with that of the organizations. All these key tasks are directly or indirectly affected by compensation and benefits plan which the human resource management decides. Compensation and benefits redefines value and success in any workplace.An efficient compensation and benefits strategy is seen as an opportunity by organisations to differentiate themself from their competitors, who may otherwise take away talented workforce. Hence, organisations need to know the evolving needs of the working population to make sure they offer the most competitive package. This paper adopts a general approach which may be relevant to number of different organizations or industries and discusses how the new generation workforce is making an impact and forcing organizations to change their traditional compensation strategies.This paper also examines how companies located in different sectors and countries look at compensation and benefits aspect of human resource management, to attract and retain their highly qualified staff. Finally the paper summarizes and analyses few articles related to HR practices in compensation and benefits, and see if they fit into organizations seeking best practice. Compensation and benefit strategies for current generation workforce: Compensation is a major driver in t he success of any organization and it is also true that it is one of the highest expenses for an organization.Therefore, compensation is always under heavy scrutiny by the top executives of a company. Compensation is not only carefully analysed by the management, but also analysed by employees and prospective employees. If properly executed, effective compensation design can improve organizational effectiveness, support human capital requirements of the organization, and motivate the employees to achieve key corporate strategic and financial goals (Ellig, B. R. 2007). Effective compensation and benefits strategy is no easy task, especially with the large organizations and ever-changing demands of the workforce.To construct the most attractive compensation and benefits package, organizations must now tackle the fundamental landscape change in workforce requirements and demands. Employees born in the 60s and 70s (generation X) have ceded place to a new generation of workers (generatio n Y). A flexible approach to compensation and benefits is now required to satisfy the different priorities of these generations. ‘Planning for the future’ has long been the motto governing Generation X’s approach to their careers and so, traditionally, a generous pension provision compensation plan has been the key to attracting workers.But for Generation Y, priorities have changed. For instance, in a research conducted last year, just 4% of 16-24 year olds were attracted to their employer because of their pension contribution, compared to 17% of 45-54 year olds (HR magazine, March 2011). Certainly, younger workers are increasingly questioning the customs and traditions of the workplace and now those same pension plans which were previously considered as synonymous with security, are now regarded as unstable.In present day environment, employees have become much more educated on the possibilities available to them with sources like online salary calculators, indu stry chat rooms and so on (Schneider, B. , & Paul, K. B. 2011). Employees now know more about current market pay levels, new opportunities and how to successfully negotiate compensation packages. Keeping these changes in mind organizations include many other noncash components to the potential cash components to come up with a fair, competitive and an attractive compensation program (Schneider, B. & Paul, K. B. 2011). Employee benefits are indirect forms of compensation provided by the organizations to their workforce as part of an employment relationship. The competition for quality employees in today's market is tough and employers must do more than just offer a fair salary to compete for the best employees. Employees also look forward for a good benefits package; in fact employees have grown accustomed to generous benefits programs, and join an organization expecting them.Employee benefits exist in organizations all around the world and the levels and range of these benefits vary between countries. Some of the benefits companies offer can be like company accommodation, company provided vehicles, health insurance, retirement benefits, easy loans, travel benefits, workplace flexibility, work-time flexibility and so on. (SHRM, 2011) Compensation and Benefit strate gies used in organisations: As per Kevin O’Connell, there are three primary components in a strategic compensation plan. First, building a solid foundation for the plan to understand the business strategy is required.Where the company is now and where is it heading to in the future, what are its short term and long term goals. This will provide the necessary information needed to construct a solid framework for the design of a compensation plan. Second, understanding organizational capabilities and how the role of compensation plays a key role to achieve organizational goals is critical. This will provide an excellent understanding of what positions are the most critical to a company's future success and the various compensation options available to motivate employees to achieve this success.Third, aligning compensation with human capital management initiatives will help develop a plan that allows the company to successfully recruit and retain employees (O'Connell, K. 2007). We will see how different organizations have overcome significant business challenges by re-evaluating and strategically designing new compensation plans. By striking the right balance between organizational goals and employee needs, compensation plans can play a major strategic role in the success of a business. Jamba Juice case: Jamba juice was founded in 1990. It is a leader in blended-to-order fruit smoothies and fruit juices. Source: http://www. jambajuice. com/) Since its inception, it found employee retention as a major problem. It was located in San Francisco bay area and therefore the employees had more options with other employers situated there. A lot of these employers were technology bas ed and offered more generous financial benefits than the food retailer. To tackle this problem, Jamba Juice introduced a compensation plan, called ‘J. U. I. C. E plan’ which allows the general manager to receive a percentage of store’s cash flow depending on their business’s final performance. It allows manages a share in the profits over a period of three years.When the general managers increase the year-to-year sales, money accrues in a retention account, which is payable only in three year cycles. This retention account not only provides short term retention benefits, but also incentives to stay with Jamba. Also, executives at managerial positions are offered stock options. And, when assistant managers are promoted, their general managers also receive a cash award of $ 1000 for their development efforts. In a highly competitive industry Jamba was able to successfully reduce turnover. (Mello Jeffrey, 2011) The MAERSK way:MAERSK not only rewards absolute performance but also focuses significantly on performance relative to peers, says Alex Penvern, Global Head of Group Compensation, Rewards and Executive HR. This had not always been the case. Less than five years ago, rewards in the company were characterised by confidential bonuses, awarded with very little transparency. One of Penvern’s first challenges when he joined MAERSK in 2008 was to create a scalable, measurable and quantifiable compensation and benefits structure that was understandable and could, over time, be rolled out uniformly across the organisation (Source: http://www. aersk. com/Pages/default. aspx). He spoke to CEO’s of each business within the group and focused on the executive compensation structure that focussed on relative distribution. During these conversations, he discussed range of different performance criteria, happening in annual sessions which were a part of the performance management cycle. The outcome was a relative performance distribu tion of the company’s most successful and less effective performers. â€Å"The company believes that our people are motivated by this constant striving to do even better†, says Penvern. You can never rest on your laurels or spend too long patting yourself on the back, because you know how hard everyone else is running. We want people who thrive in this atmosphere†. This is brought in practice and reinforced by a carefully considered distribution of rewards to the highest performers. Since the introduction of the pay-for-performance scheme, fewer very high performers are securing a significantly larger share of the bonus on offer. The highest performers receive nearly double the bonus opportunity that they did few years back but to earn that bonus they need to keep up or stay ahead of their peers or market.While Penvern does underline the value the company creates by this performance culture, he believes that the transparency of its bonus system is just as importa nt. The lesson is clear. Company has to build employee engagement and drive performance both by having a clear and transparent compensation scheme that links pay and performance and by communicating this consistently in order to reinforce and reinstate the belief that pay and performance are linked (Bonic, Davies, Brood, etall, 2011) Design and Engineering group in Delaware:A small to medium design and engineering group in Delaware, employs engineers and designers, most of them who are in their 30’s. Most of the employees were the primary wage earners in their families and have several dependents. This company pays wages that are slightly lower than those of its competitors, but it offers a fully paid insurance program that includes health, pharmacy, dental and eye care coverage for employees and their dependents. By meeting the employees benefit needs the company enjoys very low employee turnover (McConnell, J. 2003 Pg. 235). Mississippi garment manufacturer:A garment manufa cturer in Mississippi pays on a piecework basis. Most piecework plans in garments factory in general must guarantee pay equal to at least the legal minimum wage. In this specific company, new employees receive an hourly wage until they have acquired the skills required to meet performance standards. Then the manufacturer pays them on the basis of the number of pieces they produce in an hour. The company has designed its compensation approach to retain good and productive employees i. e. those who are continuous good performers (McConnell, J. 2003 Pg. 232). Conclusion:Compensation whether i the form of salary or benefits is a key element in both attracting and retaining employees. With careful and logical thinking companies should design a program that will significantly contribute to obtaining and retaining the type of employers who perform best for that company. Compensation professionals play a critical role in enabling organizations to execute their business strategy. The example s in this paper demonstrate how organizations have overcome significant business challenges by redesigning their compensation plans as seen in Jamba and MAERSK.We also have seen how a small company like the garment manufacturer in Mississippi use compensation package to retain highly performing people and do away with low performing people. Some companies like the one in Delaware uses non monetary benefits to keep their workforce happy and content. Compensation and benefits have a negative effect on the company if not properly managed. Collapses of big companies like Enron and Global crossing are examples. These are direct results of managerial behaviour aimed at short term profit maximization.That behaviour is in turn a result of the executive pay structure that measure and reward performance based short-term financial results. Managers are under constant pressure to show the expected / desired results the management wants to see in order to continue to be rewarded generously (Stab ile, 2002). Compensation experts need to be at the focal point where strategy, organizational effectiveness and human capital management congregate. They need to have a clear understanding of the business and organizational issues as well as the future direction of the company.Strategic compensation and benefits design is not a sound bite to impress management. It's the process behind compensation plan design that links and binds strategy, organization effectiveness and human capital together. By balancing organizational, employee and business needs with a company's financial and strategic goals it is possible to develop the right compensation strategy to motivate, reward and sustain high levels of performance. By finding this balance, a company can effectively use compensation to execute and achieve desired business results. References: Bonic, Davies, Brood, etall, (2011). Mercer’s 2011 EMEA Compensation and Benefits Conference * Compensation, Retirement and Benefits Trends Report, 2012/2013. (cover story). (2013). Pension Benefits, 22(1), 1-2. * Ellig, B. R. (2007). Fashioning an Employee Benefits Philosophy Statement. Benefits ; Compensation Digest, 44(10), 44-48. * Employee Benefits in the United States–March 2012. (2012). Medical Benefits, 29(23), 4-5. * Heshizer, B. (1994). The Impact of Flexible Benefits Plans on Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intentions.Benefits Quarterly, 10(4), 84-90. * Lazear, E. P. (1990). Pensions and deferred benefits as strategic compensation. Industrial Relations, 29(2), 263. * MELLO, J. A. (2011). COMPENSATION. STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES  (3rd  ed. , pp. 481-515). * McConnell, J. (2003). The Tangible Rewards of Work: Pay and Benefits. Hunting Heads, 223. * O'Connell, K. (2007). The Importance of Strategically Designed Compensation Plans. Benefits & Compensation Digest, 44(9), 20-25. * Poster, C. , & Scannella, J. (2001). Total Rewards in an iDeal World. Benefits Quarterl y, 17(3), 23-28. Rhines, G. M. , & Douglass, W. (2012). Highly Compensated Executives. Journal of Accountancy, 214(4), 50-55. * Schneider, B. , & Paul, K. B. (2011). IN THE COMPANY WE TRUST. HR Magazine, 56(1), 40-43. * SHRM, (2011). 2011 EMPLOYEE BENEFITS. EXAMINING EMPLOYEE BENEFITS AMONG UNCERTAINITY. * Stabile, S. J. (2002). ENRON, GLOBAL CROSSING, AND BEYOND: IMPLICATIONS FOR WORKERS. St. John's Law Review, 76(4), 815. * Tobias, K. (1991). BENEFITS/COMPENSATION. Journal Of Accountancy, 172(4), 129-132. * Wojcik, J. (2009). Rising to the benefits challenge. Business Insurance, 43(43), 9-12.

Impact of retention rate on KFCs performance - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4132 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? KFC is one of the busiest fast food industries in UK and it is based in USA. KFC has big market share in UK. KFC provides training and good career path to its employees. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Impact of retention rate on KFCs performance" essay for you Create order KFC faces problems to meet business objectives, increasing customer satisfaction. To overcome difficulties and increasing organizational performances KFC wants to finds out the impact of retention rate on organizational performance. This is one month survey conducting with KFC employees and various secondary resources. Various articles, journals, newspaper and magazines have been collected to find out the information on motivation and organizational performance. 30 employees have been communicated via email to collect primary data. The primary and secondary data show that motivation has major impact on organizational performance. If organization can motivated its employees then performance of employees with a high volume. Employees attitude towards motivation is very positive. Employees want motivation rather than any other things. From the research it is clear that if KFC can improves its motivational strategy it can increase its organization performance. Impact of Retention Rate on Organizational Performance 2. INTRODUCTION Employee retention is a process through which the organization can keep its employees with a certain period of time. Retention is good for both employee and organization. The objectives of the research are about employees retention and organizational performance. Beginning of the research paper describes briefly about the research topic. It has three different parts. The paper is started by pointing out the research topic and its impact. After that the main parts are discussed. Among the three main parts the initial one is Research Proposal. The research proposal starts with the hypothesis. After selecting hypothesis the research proposal describe briefly about the organization. After that the research proposal describes about the context and rational, reason for research, aim, objectives, literature review, methodology, resources and action plan. The next part of the research is Actual Research. It has research design, data collection, and data analysis. The ending par t of the research is Presentation and Evaluation. It is about the analysis of findings, methodology evaluation, conclusion and recommendation. The references, bibliography and appendix are also included with the research. 3. RESEARCH PROPOSAL 3.1 Hypothesis If retention rate is related to organizational performance, than by increasing employees retention rate will increases organizational performance. 3.2 Background Theory Employee retention is the main concern of almost all of the organizations. Basically, small businesses suffer more because of employees high expectation. There are many firms; offer little benefits last 10 years or so. Now-a-days employees need and wants growing every day. Employees want more than their salary. As a result employee turnover is increasing. On the other side the importance of retention become very important for every organization. (Kim McLean, 2008). Employee retention always increases organizational performances. Retention also encourages current employees to remain with the organization. Long term service of employees means they are efficient and effective to their job duties. Again they know very well how to job done. On the other side retention can save several costs to the organization. Such as, hiring cost, training cost, productivity lost, replacement cost and efficiency cost. (Workforce Planning for Wisconsin State Government, 2005). Employee retention has se veral benefit but employees turnovers has several disadvantages. Some of the article shows that, turnover is a silent but significant profit killer. (Kottolli, 2010). 3.3 Brief Summary to the Organisation KFC is one of the busiest fast food industries in UK and it is based in USA. KFC has big market share in UK. KFC provides training and good career path to its employees. The company was founded as Kentucky Fried Chicken byÂÂ  ColonelÂÂ  Harland SandersÂÂ  in 1952. At present KFC have more than 24,000 employees. KFC operates all over the world and its main business trend is Halal food. 3.4 Context and Rational 3.4.1 Problems Faced by KFC Today KFC faces some problem with its employees turnover. Employees do not paying attention to their job duties. They turn up late and try to go home early. They are not very active as they used to in 2008. Customers often complain to the manager that, employees are serving very late. They are more concentrated in gossiping with each others. Some of the KFC stores take 5 to 10 minute to serve customer even though there is only one customer. Some employees are giving resignation without having informed. Due to frequent change of employees, customer dissatisfaction is growing day by day. Lack of concentration of employees and their carelessness shows that employees are not loyal to KFC. Sometimes managers also support employees and careless about KFC code of conducts. 3.4.2 Reasons for the Research KFC undertakes the research to find the ways retain its employees. Employees turnover is growing day by day. KFC wants to keeps its employees in order to provide high level of customer service. KFC also wants to reduce the cost of hiring, training and efficient cost. If employees turnover rate decreases KFC can increase its market share. Also it is possible for KFC to increase its customer satisfaction and bring back previous business reputation. 3.5 Aim The aim of the research is to discover the impact of employees retention rate on organizational performance. 3.6 Objectives A list of the objectives of the research has given below: To reduce employee turnover To increase customer satisfaction To increase employee satisfaction 3.7 Literature Review According to Robert L. Mathis, John H. Jackson in their book, Retention of human resources must be viewed as a strategic business issue. Retention of employees has several benefits and advantages. Employees are getting high level skills when they working same environment for long period of time. But, the result of employees turnover is vital for the company. If an efficient employee gives resign company need to appoint new people. The new employee is not efficient and cannot provide satisfactory level customer service. That cost higher for the company. To support employee retention an article can help further. The world leading company shows high level of employee retention programme. As a result employees are providing high level service and working hard for the organization. Anne bruce (2006), described in his article, ÂÂ  how to motivate every employee. He also described, how Google manage its employees retain with its. He described that, like at Google, one of the webs most successful and growing search engines. Here employees play roller hockey during work hours, bring their dogs to work, and eat lunch and the company cafe. The result? Employees work long, hard hours and love their jobs. Again, survey and research on employee retention is an issue since the early age of industry revolution. A survey takes place in 1980. The focus of the survey was on the employee retention. The survey demonstrated that, people want more from work than money. An early study of thousands of workers and managers by the American Psychological Association clearly demonstrated this. While managers predicted the most important motivational aspect of work for people would be money, personal time and attention from the supervisor was cited by workers as most rewarding for them at work. In a recent Workforce article, The Ten Ironies of Motivation, reward and recognition guru, Bob Nelson, says, More than anything else, employees want to be valued for a job well done b y those they hold in high esteem. He adds that people want to be treated as if they are adult human beings. Another article shows described that, We knew from past experience that Love2reward offered a great product and service (for our employee retention scheme). Its all about giving our team what they want, and feedback tells us that weve got it rightÂÂ  Pizza Express UK. 3.8 Methodology 3.8.1 Chosen Methodology It is easy and very reliable to use qualitative and quantitative methods together. There is a method that gives chance to use qualitative and quantitative methods together and it is, Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms. For this research the Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms is selected as methodology. Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms uses both quantitative and qualitative methods for this research. 3.8.2 Evaluation of Methodology The methodology is very effective for the research as it uses both qualitative and quantitative methods at the same time. If the results of two methods are same, then the result of the research will consistent. Again the methodology of the research collects data from secondary sources and primary sources as well. It has no chance to gives a false result. Therefore the methodology is very effective for the research. 3.8.3 Limitations of Methodology The methodology uses two methods at the same times. This is the main limitation of the research. Because, the variation of results of two methods make the whole research value less. Again, in case of different result from the two methods, the research needs to do again. It is very costly and time consuming. The methodology has other some other limitations two. It uses two methods. But it is very difficult to select two methods for one research. 3.9 Resources A short list of the resources has provided below: Computer with the Internet connection Internet for articles and journals Books and articles Library access for recent magazines and newspapers 3.10 Action Plan A Gantt chart has prepared for the action plan. The Gantt chart is included in the appendix section. 4. ACTUAL RESEARCH 4.1 Research Design 4.1.1 Step-by-step Design Stage 1: Define Research Topic and Describe Research ProposalThe step-by-step research design has shown below: Stage 2: Extensive Research on Literature Stage 3: Find out suitable methodology and creating research plan Stage 4: Secondary and Primary Data Collection Stage 5: Qualitative and Quantitative Data Analysis Stage 6: Evaluation and Presentation of findings Fig: Flow Chart for research design 4.1.2 Step-by-step Explanation Stage 1: Research Proposal Topic is the main subject of any research. Identify a suitable research topic is very difficult task. The topic needs to support by various secondary sources of data. After selecting topic a research proposal is essential. This two are the most important task for any research. It is assume that 6 days are enough for the first stage of the research. Stage 2: Extensive Research on Literature It is the most important part as all the supported evidences are collected from Literature review. Among several literatures the most related 5 or seven literatures need to select and then make a research on the literature. It is assume that 3 days are enough for this stage. Stage 3: Find Suitable Research Methodology and Creating Research Plan As the whole research is depend on the research design it is need to carefully create. All tasks follow the research methodology and the research plan. It is assume that 4 days are enough for this stage. Stage 4: Secondary and Primary Data Collection Data collection is the most important part of the research. For this research primary and secondary data need to collect. It is assume that 7 days are enough for this stage. Stage 5: Qualitative and Quantitative Data Analysis The result of the research depends on data analysis. Both qualitative and quantitative data need to analysis for the result of the research. It is assume that 4 days are enough for this stage. Stage 6: Presentation and evaluation of findings Analysed data is very easy to evaluate and presented. It is assume that 5 days are enough for the presentation and evaluation of data. 4.2 Data Collection 4.2.1 Secondary Data Collection Secondary data is collected throughout the Internet research, using company record, articles, journals, books and web pages. In this section the topic related data is selected and summaries all of them. The data sources are given below: Turnover is a silent but significant profit killer. By Arun Kottolli (2010), Employee Turnover Kills Profits. Keeping good employees is a challenge that all organizations share and it becomes even more difficult as labour markets tighten, by Robert L. Mathis and John H. Jackson. (2008:76), Human Resources Management Retention of human resources must be viewed as a strategic business issue by Anne Bruce, How to motivate every employee Nelson (2003) writes in The Ten Ironies of Motivation that, I have known for yearsthat money isnt everything when it comes to employment Employee retention is most critical issue facing corporate leaders as a result of the shortage of skilled labour, economic growth and employee turnover By www.retentionconnection.com For service-orientedÂÂ  careersÂÂ  such as account management andÂÂ  customer service, high turnover can lead to customer dissatisfaction. By Shelley Moore (2010) The above resources give qualitative data about the retention and organizational performance. From the data it is found that retention can change trend of employee turnover form any company. Retention makes employees motivate. It also brings job satisfaction. It gives clear definition of job responsibilities. The motivated and satisfied employees provide high level customer service. The high level customer service increase organizational performance. On the other hand employee turnover show negative impact to company. The results are hiring cost, training cost, efficiency cost and much other cost. The collection of secondary initially shows that there is a relationship between employee turnover and organizational performance. If employees retention increases then organizational performance also increases. If employee performance decreases then organizational performance also decreases. 4.2.2 Primary Data Collection The questioner method has been used to collect primary data. The primary data is collected by sending e-mail to 30 employees who are working KFC. A total of 10 questions have been set for every employee. From their response and activeness it is found that employees are more concern about retention that any other thing. The primary data initially shows that retention play a major role in organizational performance. Organizational performance will increase if retention increases for the organization. 4.3 Data Analysis 4.3.1 Qualitative Data Analysis Quantitative data collection is very critical task. Here some basic criteria are essential to follow. The analysis of data need to be valid, reliable, fair and must be follows some ethical issues. Valid: All the secondary data are valid. They have strong relationship with the subjects matter. They show the relation between employee retention and organizational performance. Again, all data shows the effect of employee performance. Some of the articles show the survey and research has been taking in order to decrease turnover. It is clear from the initial research that all secondary data are valid. Reliable: Qualitative data has been taken from various reliable sources. Books, articles, journals, and web pages are used to collect qualitative data. Qualitative data also collected from a sample of 30 employees. They provide qualitative data by their questions answer. Fair: Data are directly taken from sources. No modification has occurred while taking data from its sources. No data has been taken in order to support the hypothesis. Ethical issues: Qualitative data collection follows a set of agreed policies, such as literature review, secondary data collection, primary data collection. Data is not modified of misinterpret by any one. While collecting and using data permission from the authority has been taken carefully. In case of web based data, the sources are indicated very carefully. No influence has take place in order make the result of the research similar with qualitative and quantitative data. 4.3.2 Quantitative Data Analysis Quantitative data analysis follows a set of ethical issue. It also uses the valid, reliable and fair policies. Valid: All data are taken from current employer of KFC. Questioner has been set in a way that employees give answer along with their own feeling about retention and organizational performance. All the data related to the topic of the research. Reliable: Data are taken from KFC employees. They are not influence to give the answer. No suggestion has been provided them regarding the questioner. Employees are actively replay their answer and express their free thinking. So, data is reliable. Fair: No answer has been modified in order to get positive result. Participants are always free to replay the questioner. Answer from the questioner has been taken accurately. Ethical: Data was confidential. Only the researcher saw the data. Participants are not influenced participate the research. Participant privacy policy got priority. Data is not affected by anyone. Participate did not get reminder to replay the questioner. 5. PRESENTATION AND EVALUATION Analysis of Findings What is your job position? Reasons: Job position gives the overview about employees experience with the company. It also shows the time spent by employees within the organization. Majority Answer The majority answer was Team Members Conclusion Team members are can give the most recent experience about retention. They are worried about their job duties, getting promotion and other benefits. The sample group is the right one. Please indicate your work experience with KFC? Reasons: Job experiences show that the employees working life experience. Higher the job experiences higher the knowledge about retention. Majority Answer: The majority answer was 3 to 5 years experience Conclusion: The sample of 30 people, with 3 to 5 years experiences show that all employees are aware about employee retention policies. 5.1.3 What is the level of your job satisfaction? Reasons: Job satisfaction levels provide information about employees loyalty to the organization. Satisfied employees are happy with their retention and other policies. Majority Answer: The majority answer was satisfied. Conclusion: Satisfied employees are loyal to the company. They are happy with their retention and motivation policies. They can provide high level of performance in order increase organizational performance. How satisfied you with KFC? Reasons: This is similar to the prevision one. But, it takes the answer critically and specifically about the KFC. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Average. Conclusion: It is very difficult to distinguish the previous answer and present answer. Employees are satisfied with their job but not to KFC. Possibly, job satisfaction of KFC is good but some other policies are not good. How satisfied you with your Payment and other Benefits? Reasons: Payment and benefits is the indicators of employee satisfaction. If employees are satisfied with their payment and other benefits it will reduce employee turnover and increase organizational performances. Majority answer: The majority answer was average. Conclusion: KFC provides many benefits to its employees but the does not enough for employees satisfaction. The average level of job satisfaction shows that employee retention rate will decrease in KFC and its performance will decrease day by day. Do you satisfied with you promotion policy? Reasons: Promotion policies are major indicators of employee retention. If company have suitable promotion policy, employees are very active to meet the criteria to get promotion, as a result organizational performance increase. Majority Answer: The majority answer was average. Conclusion: The answer shows that KFC promotion policy is not good enough to meet its employee satisfaction. If employees are not satisfied with their promotion policy they cannot provide high level of customer service. That will affect organizational performance. If you get better chance to other company what will you do? Reason: This shows the loyalty to the organization. If employees are not loyal to the organization they not provide high level performance. As a result, organizational performance will decrease. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Quite the Company Conclusion: Employees want to quite the organization. KFC need to appoint new employees and level of its performance will decrease. What is your view about employee retention? Reason: It will help to find out employees personal view about retention policy. Majority Answer: The majority answer was very helpful Conclusion: If KFC take better retention policy employees will satisfied. They can help to increase company performance. If you will be promoted as a manager of a new opening store, what is your plan for long term and constant success for your organization? Reason: This question gives chance to employees to take decision about the improvement of company performance. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Retention Policy Conclusion: Most of the employees want to improve retention policy KFC has many employee employees development programmes for its business success. Which is most preferable to you? Reason: Find out the most preferable methods to keep employees and increase organizational performances. Majority Answer: The majority answer was Retention Policy Conclusion: Among all the development programs employees are like retention policy for the improvement of KFC performance. The result of this question indicates that KFC need to improve its retention policy in order to increase its performance. 5.2 Methodology Evaluation The selected methodology for the research is Triangulation of Positivistic and Phenomenological Paradigms. The methodology is best suited for the research as it is used two methods at the same times. The methodology is effective to find out the impact of retention on organizational performance. The data is collected by following a set of ethical rules. All the data are valid, reliable and fair. 5.3 Conclusions The research proves that retention has major impacts on organizational performance. Thus, the hypothesis is supported by the research. Finally it is found that if KFC develops better retention policies it can keep its employees. As a result KFC can increase it organizational performances. 5.4 Recommendations Although the sample of the research was only KFC employees, it can be used by any organization. Both qualitative and quantitative data shows that retention can increase organizational performance. The methodology has some limitation to. The data is collected from a sample of 30 people. Again, only KFC employees provide data. There is no way to make sure that the target employees have replayed back the questioner. Employee may not give the right answer. Though the limitation, this research can help further research in retention and organizational performance. All the resources have valid source identification. The final result of the research is retention rate can help the organization improves its performances. This research is made independently. As the hypothesis of this research is proved and this research is made only on fast food company(KFC) so other fast food companies like MacDonalds and Burger king, Subway can make use of the results of this report for the related featured problems and to improve their performances. Furthermore it is advised to KFC that it should focus on employees retention rate by using different tools for retention such as salary increase, bonuses, promotions and pension schemes. As this is identified that organizational performance is mostly depending on retention rate so company should take this matter seriously to enhance their organizational performance worldwide and to sustain their business profitability. Because of the limitation of methodology (qualitative and quantitative) in future they need to use one methodology so that they cannot find any conflicts by using two different methods and will research on more employees of KFC from different areas so that they can get more people point of view. REFERENCES Bruce, Anne. (2009:3-47), How to Motivate Every Employees, [online] Madison, USA: The McGraw-Hill. Available form: books.google.co.ukhttps://books.google.co.uk/books?id=diMuuBFV6tUCprintsec=frontcoverdq=Anne+Bruce,+%E2%80%9CHow+to+motivate+every+employee%E2%80%9Dsource=blots=PSaBcQc5lTsig=jezrTceSiYVRgmcHCeoMsQjDHxUhl=enei=he Last accessed 25th Oct 2010 Cooper, Evan. 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