Sunday, August 23, 2020

Transformation of Management through Taylorism- myassignmenthelp

Question: Talk about theModern Transformation of Management through Taylorism. Answer: Presentation Taylorism is a logical organization upheld by Fred Taylor. In Taylor's thought, the capacity of the mechanical unit organization was to decide the most ideal route for the representative to play out the obligation, to offer appropriate contraption and preparing, and to give inspirations through motivations for incredible execution. Fred Taylor bust each occupation down into its character developments, assessed these to concur on which were significant, and set time for the laborers with a stopwatch (Giannantonio, Hurley-Hanson 2011, p. 9). With futile development precluded, the staff, watching a machine-like practice, became unquestionably progressively innovative and profitable. Taylorism depended on an orderly investigation of people, characters, and obligations. The obligation or capacity of Taylorism was that they followed the arrangement of breaking the work movement into sub-obligations or least potential segments with a goal to deal with the most effective method for achieving a circumspect errand and obligation. Would laborers in Australia, America or some other landmass acknowledge Taylorism in this structure today? In the present setting, representatives around America, Europe or Australia would not consolidate or acknowledge Taylorism in its underlying structure and status. A great deal has changed with respect to the improvement of innovation and mechanization that is being applied by numerous organizations today, and there is positively no insight in incorporating the founded hypothesis totally (Minshall, 2015, P.609). In any case, in the event that it is as of now applied or executed, there would explicit consequences expected to make the establishment hypothesis a blasting. Laborers would not acknowledge it again in light of the fact that the administration assumes responsibility for all the exercises. In this circumstance, laborers will feel dampened since they are ignored in the day by day arranging process; it needs inclusivity. Think about the plan of contents for use in Call Centers, would you be able to see Taylorism in that? Consider focuses everywhere throughout the world consistently have situated regions and drawn on work markets, where setting up amazing sorts of consolidated premium portrayal has been troublesome. So also, call focuses have been portrayed to disdainfully as cost focuses, mirroring the methodology that client care is an expensive and exorbitant drain on assets. The goal has distinctively been to offer minimal measure of administration expected to ensure client upkeep is kept and kept up. In view of this thought, call focuses have been made do with bounty estimated amount of logical hypothesis. A large portion of the present discoveries have condemned Taylors hypothesis; in any case, from the clasp, Taylorisms impacts appear to be as yet a plague in numerous enterprises (Chung, 2013, p.54). A few pieces of the business world have determinedly clutched the Taylorisms inheritance as firmly as call focus as can be seen from the clasp. This clasp is indicating history from 100 years back. Some would state that the world has proceeded onward and these thoughts are outdated. Notwithstanding, could there be portions of the present reality for which these thoughts may be exactly what they need? Clarify. The world has truly advanced, and a considerable amount has occurred. As a matter of first importance, an extraordinary huge change in the field of innovation has changed the entire world. Be it from business, horticulture, to assembling segments separately. Innovation has changed the world, and it resembles individuals presently live under a similar rooftop through availability in correspondence (Yashiro Backer, 2011, p. 368). In any case, different pieces of the world despite everything require the thoughts that were utilized 100 years prior to encourage development. This has really been found in the field of advancement where a few pieces of the world from different landmasses are abandoned most definitely. A few nations can't make their own items, it is it is possible that they import the workforce or the item itself. Such countries despite everything need the old thoughts. Segment II What might be a portion of the key downsides or dangers of living in the level universe of Globalization 3.0 as Friedman portrays it? As per Friedman, level world is, where there are no barricades and individuals can work, be in contact and coordinate across limits. In any case, there are a few disadvantages or risks of existing in a level world. These incorporate; Business rules that gather opportunity of association Decent variety that prompts various contemplations Individuals making their own guidelines to work together since there are no limits Do you concur with Friedmans iron standard of the level world? Clarify. The level world can permit anyone to do anything they need. In the wake up of mechanical turn of events, individuals can execute absent a lot of battle, for instance, you visit a site to book, download and print tickets just as standardized identifications to load onto a plane or a transport. I concur with Friemans rule since individuals will consistently learn new things and do what they like at their customary ranges of familiarity. Is the degree of globalization uniform over the world? Clarify. The degree of globalization isn't uniform. Since its presentation, economy of various countries has changed. There is bigger choice before the purchasers, who presently appreciate the improved quality and lower costs of a few things. Be that as it may, the opposite side of the main problem isn't exceptionally clear. The versatility in labor laws has exacerbated the status of the laborers since some are named on non-ordinary establishment to maintain a strategic distance from office of opportune reserve and different luxuries. In certain countries, laborers are compelled to work additional hours with no extra time being paid. In addition, little scope organizations have been likewise influenced adversely since they can't contend with organizations that work in enormous scope. End By and large, there would likewise be businesses around the globe, which need the very much idea out apparatus of the thoughts as referenced in the above inquiry. Since the hypothesis of Taylorism or logical administration however started a century prior, the controlling methods of reasoning which are tied and associated by means of this hypothesis have a drawn out effect. The guideline division of work, propelling and offering motivating forces to dedicated representatives, the presentation of straightforward creation philosophies is brilliant guidelines for set up adventures (Grubb Tremblay, 2015, p.244). Right application and the utilization of these methods of reasoning in the present time ensure accomplishment to any association. Both Taylorism and Fordism are faultless for advancing creation; nonetheless, they expect associations with huge use. References Giannantonio, CM, Hurley-Hanson, AE 2011, 'Frederick Winslow Taylor: Reflections on the Relevance of The Principles of Scientific Management 100 Years Later', Journal of Business Management, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 7-10. Minshall, T 2015, 'Key Management of Technological Innovation', RD Management, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 609-610. Accessible from: 10.1111/radm.12104. [21 April 2018]. Varadarajan, R 2017, 'Enhancing for supportability: a system for economical advancements and a model of reasonable developments direction', Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 14-36. Accessible from: 10.1007/s11747-015-0461-6. [21 April 2018]. Chung, CH 2013, 'The Road Not Taken: Putting The board Back to Taylor's Scientific Management', Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (1947-2900), vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 45-56. Yashiro, N, De Backer, K 2011, 'Worldwide worth chains in a postcrisis world: An improvement point of view. Altered by Olivier CATTANEO, Gary GEREFFI and Cornelia STARITZ', International Labor Review, vol. 150, no. 3-4, pp. 367-369. Accessible from: 10.1111/j.1564-913X.2011.00121.x. [21 April 2018]. Grubb, M, Tremblay, V 2015, 'Presentation: Behavioral Industrial Organization', Review of IndustrialOrganization, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 243-245. Accessible from: 10.1007/s11151-015-9475-y. [21 April 2018].

Friday, August 21, 2020

Kants Deontology

IntroductionThe word Deon is a Greek word and it implies obligation. As per the deontological hypothesis activities aren't right or right in themselves, very far off from their impact. In this hypothesis certain activities are permitted or forestalled by the contention that every one of the activity is either right or wrong as per the moral commitments. So the individuals who have confidence in utilizing a deontological hypothesis would acquire thought the fundamental rights and obligations of gatherings or people and act as indicated by their good duties.Immanuel Kant the extraordinary savant, who had lived in the eighteenth century, proposed the work which is utilized for the reference of deontology. As indicated by him every individual has got confidence and respect in legacy. He accepts that nobody has option to treat others in a negative manner for his own means.Kantian DeontologyKant contends that lone cooperative attitude is totally acceptable as opposed to the satisfaction, d elight or something different. The individuals who perform terrible deeds are perpetually discontent and satisfied The thing which is as per and represents the purpose of obligation is cooperative attitude. Kant implies that solitary those activities have moral worth which is performed for obligation. He decides the virtue of one’s deeds by the hesitance towards his purpose of obligation implies more noteworthy one is reluctant towards the purpose of obligation, more the ethical worth of activity. In this way good obligation is free of and precedes the idea of goodnessThe cooperative attitude needn't bother with any capability for being acceptable, consequently it is acceptable all alone. . Kant doesn't have confidence in being willed well in view of the outcome being delivered by it For Kant an individual is responsible for just those things that are heavily influenced by him. Despite the fact that what we will for our deeds is inside the intensity of us yet the consequences of our demonstrations are most certainly not. Similarly regardless of whether more negative outcomes are delivered by the activities of an individual of positive attitude, he merits praise.Kant proposes that cooperative attitude is just acted exclusively by the correct expectation. The goal of cooperative attitude is for obligation. The various expectations for activities are either carrying on of personal circumstance or for obligation or acting through tendency. For understanding the distinction among the various goals for the activities being performed, relate this to the corporate world case of a sales rep at any association whose clients are fulfilled and he has generosity. (Karl, 1982)This is on the grounds that he has never been unscrupulous to his clients and customers, since he has never cheated to those clients and customers who are unpracticed. Presently there can be three purposes behind him to be completely forthright. Initially he treats actually due to an exceptional rivalry in his association. He believes that in the event that he would be really legitimate with his clients, they would not go to his rivals and would in this manner want to work with him thus he would be granted by the association. So in this he is straightforward as a result of personal responsibility and not for the obligation and for Kant this demonstration isn't the ethical demonstration since it is performed for personal circumstance as opposed to the duty.Another purpose behind him to be straightforward is because of a tendency. This implies he gets delight from his trustworthiness which has worked out easily for him and as indicated by Kant such sort of activities which are performed because of tendency, are likewise unethical. This is on the grounds that the tendency is completely temperamental and nonsensical, and is followed as a result of its fancy not in view of its explanation. These equivalent emotions from which we are enlivened and perform kind acts may likewise motivate us to play out the heartless and coldblooded acts. That is the reason tendency is untrustworthy. (Karl, 1982)Thus as indicated by Kant, the individual who acts sincerely in light of the fact that he believes that it is his obligation paying little mind to his tendencies to play out those capacities, that is an individual of goodwill So the individuals who are liberal however nature yet help the poor in light of their inside sentiment of being pity are not acting ethically, instead of those being miserly and help for obligation. The later ones are acting ethically For Kant the need of carrying on of regard for all inclusive law is obligation. The individual who acts sets up the good and moral value.The essential good rule as indicated by Kant is the Categorical Imperative a basic is only a commitment or order. The idea of an all out basic is not quite the same as that of theoretical objective and can be better and can be comprehended in its difference. A speculative basic includes those activities which are acted so as to achieve different objectives But it doesn't includes those activities whom one couldn't care less for accomplishing the objectives. .The primary qualification of all out basic is that it just accentuates the proper behavior regardless of the outcome or objective one may achieveâ â Kant accepts that an unmitigated basic is the place, when there is a major standard of ethical quality. This is on the grounds that the moral and good motivations overwhelm different reasons and causes.â For instance an association has a self intrigued motivation to swindle its clients by making lower quality items yet in the event that profound quality is grounded in an absolute goal, at that point it’s moral.But if ethical quality is grounded in a straight out basic than the ethical reason against deceiving the clients commands oneself intrigued cause. . The definitions of Kant’s Categorical Imperative are that we ought to consistently treat ourselves as well as other people at closes not for your methods for our closures. Proverb is a guideline on which we act readily. Kant holds that perform just those sayings which consistently will to be an all inclusive law. (Howard, 1995)These definitions are utilized by Kant for various expressive ways for same fundamental guideline of regard and incentive for other people, They are not equal but rather can be utilized for communicating the equivalent in that every detailing encourages one to act in a similar way. The principal definition holds that people ought to be treated as creatures that have inherent worth methods they have esteem which is free of their value for any purpose.It rejects utilizing an individual for one’s own motivation. In any case, it discloses to us that one ought to never utilize an individual only as a way to your own closures. This implies on the off chance that somebody is eager to accomplish our work than that is satisfactory however on the off chance that he is constrained that is dishonest so we ought not beguile others in doing our will. Straight out Imperative restricts impulse and double dealing. In impulse or misdirecting others, we damage their will and upset their autonomy.The second definition licenses to perform just those activities whose adage can turn into a widespread law of nature. One following up on saying requires the trial of universalization with the goal that everybody can follow up on it. It isn't fundamental that a specific adage ought to consistently be a widespread law however it must be applied on an all inclusive premise, just that is ethically allowable. This can be identified with the corporate work world in the manner that if a representative working in an association beguiles everybody by deceiving his manager and by not playing out his capacities well reasoning that what he is doing, is right.If his thought processes are acceptable then he breezes through the primary assessment of de ontology, however in the event that he applies all his above examined activities on an all inclusive premise that everybody would begin conning then would this tricking work? Obviously not, for the explanation that cheating relies upon duplicity. Individuals would not be beguiled in the event that they are relied upon to be cheated. So for Kant and his Categorical Imperative cheating is ethically off-base. So it is must to conclude that proverb can be applied on a widespread scale. On the off chance that it can, at that point the activity is regarded to be acceptable, on the off chance that it can't, at that point the activity is considered to be ethically bad.Corporations have profoundly formalized dynamic structures since they are social gatherings and they need to keep in concern the advantages of the individuals present in their interior just as outside condition and affect the religions and choices and convictions of the people who are individuals from the enormous scope compan y. So as per Kant corporate aims can't be decreased to the individual members’ total choices. Truth be told, all the choices must be applied on all inclusive premise which are ethically satisfactory. Along these lines the people have the ability to change the course of the corporate character by holding their capacity, given that adequate number concurs on that change which is required. (Howard, 1995)ReferencesAmeriks, Karl. (1982) Kant's Theory of Mind: An Analysis of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Caygill, Howard. (1995) A Kant Dictionary. Oxford, UK; Cambridge, Mass., USA: Blackwell Reference. ISBN 0-631-17534-2, ISBN 0-631-17535-0

Sunday, July 5, 2020

Romance in Manga and Comic Book Review - 550 Words

Romance in Manga and Comic (Book Review Sample) Content: Romance in Manga and ComicNameInstitutionCourseJanuary 22nd 2015 Romance in Manga and ComicComic and manga are two different terms although they present relatively similar information. Comics are drawings, images, or pictures causing humor or laughter, while manga refers to an Asian stylish graphic of trade books (Heer Worcester, 2008). Comic and manga have several categories however; this article aims at analyzing romance in manga and comic (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance in manga and comic is an interesting story to read (Heer Worcester, 2008). Most of romantic comic and manga books are famous to the old and teenagers. They express lovers companion as well expressing ones feeling towards each other (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure one  INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20100822/201008222245056951.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET The above picture represents a Japans romance comic/manga. According to this picture, the partn ers are expressing love to each other through a romantic sitting whereby, the woman bends towards the chest of the Youngman. This sitting posture strengthens lover either in a relationship, courtship or in a marriage (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure two INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20100615/201006151051138768.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET The above figure shows another romantic comic and manga picture. According to its physical outlook, the couples are wearing uniform suits. Thus, love can be upgraded through outfits and hairstyle (Heer Worcester, 2008). This picture love in the mask helps to show how important it is for the couples make one another happy through dressing and walking together (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure two INCLUDEPICTURE "https://sarayek.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/reedsue.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET   INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20091018/200... Romance in Manga and Comic Book Review - 550 Words Romance in Manga and Comic (Book Review Sample) Content: Romance in Manga and ComicNameInstitutionCourseJanuary 22nd 2015 Romance in Manga and ComicComic and manga are two different terms although they present relatively similar information. Comics are drawings, images, or pictures causing humor or laughter, while manga refers to an Asian stylish graphic of trade books (Heer Worcester, 2008). Comic and manga have several categories however; this article aims at analyzing romance in manga and comic (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance in manga and comic is an interesting story to read (Heer Worcester, 2008). Most of romantic comic and manga books are famous to the old and teenagers. They express lovers companion as well expressing ones feeling towards each other (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure one  INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20100822/201008222245056951.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET The above picture represents a Japans romance comic/manga. According to this picture, the partn ers are expressing love to each other through a romantic sitting whereby, the woman bends towards the chest of the Youngman. This sitting posture strengthens lover either in a relationship, courtship or in a marriage (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure two INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20100615/201006151051138768.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET The above figure shows another romantic comic and manga picture. According to its physical outlook, the couples are wearing uniform suits. Thus, love can be upgraded through outfits and hairstyle (Heer Worcester, 2008). This picture love in the mask helps to show how important it is for the couples make one another happy through dressing and walking together (Heer Worcester, 2008). Romance comic and mange figure two INCLUDEPICTURE "https://sarayek.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/reedsue.jpg" \* MERGEFORMATINET   INCLUDEPICTURE "http://img.mangayes.com/files/img/logo/20091018/200...

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Analysis Of Langston Hughes s Poem Harlem Sweeties

From â€Å"Mother to Son† to â€Å"Harlem Sweeties†, Langston Hughes uses various themes and poetic structures within his writing. Hughes writing style consisted of the black pride and strength of the black community that would later be considered as the â€Å"driving force† behind The Harlem Renaissance. His poems and short stories seemed to evoke a feeling of hopefulness, pride and self- realization. He wrote song lyrics, essays, autobiographies and plays however, his multi-dimensional style of writing consisted of varying themes. Captured in each theme is Hughes’ interpretation of the identity within the African-American culture. Dignity, Racism, Music and Knowledge of Self are some of the common themes that are embodied in Hughes’ work. In the poem â€Å"Harlem Sweeties†, he pays homage to the physical beauty of the African-American women living in Harlem during a time when being black was not considered to be a beautiful trait within t he eyes of â€Å"white society†. He captures the dignity of the women of Harlem by comparing their varying complexions to decadent desserts and sweet fruits. Langston Hughes had a witty way of using similes and metaphors to capture the inner strength and integrity of the black community. His writing reflects a sense of pride in his racial identity and he was realistic about the oppressive nature of living in a â€Å"white society†. In order to gain a further understanding of the complexities within Hughes free style of writing, we must explore the common themes

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Collision of Ones Conscience and Human Law - 1113 Words

The collision of ones conscience and human law is inevitable. Human law is a law generated and made by man. These laws contribute to how society functions and how society is controlled legally. Human law is more familiar to us because our ways of thinking have lived, grown and developed in a society where conforming to human law is practiced by majority. The interference of ones conscience and human law creates an ongoing debate of whether the law or personal morals should come first when a conflict regarding the two presents itself. When choosing between the two, man commonly chooses to trust human law and ignore their conscience in order to feel accepted into society. This diminishes the chances for man to counter and test the unjustness’s in society. The conscience is an aptitude, faculty, intuition or judgment that assists in distinguishing right from wrong. The corruption of governmental control over society leads man to doubt his own ethics and consciousness. The Human Law destructs and damages the most important law of all: Natural Law. Natural law, the law that was bestowed upon us by a higher power, allows man to use his conscience to apply our personal ethics to the world around us. In order to find the moral and ethical solution to a conflict, mans conscience should be trusted and chosen when a conflict between the two arises. In the analogical words of Henry David Thoreau, when man is presented with an unjust law he can do three things: follow it, break it andShow MoreRelatedThe Conflict Perspective Views Society Less as a Cohesive System and More as an Arena of Conflict and Power Struggles. Compare and Contrast the Main Tenets of the Functionalist and Conflict Perspectives.1319 Words   |  6 PagesThe â€Å"Collective Conscience† is the force which influences the behavior of the people. Durkheim made references to society as being a â€Å"moral reality† and a â€Å"moral entity†, which suggested that society was far more superior than we are. Durkheim believed that in order for society to be continuous, Social Order must be maintained. The word â€Å"Functional† refers to the adhering to the rules of society such as laws, and these rules and laws were derived via the collective conscience. Those that defiedRead MoreThe Role Of Media And Its Effect On Society1440 Words   |  6 Pagesconstitutional law, corporations are seen as individuals. So, filmmaker Mark Achbar asks, what type of person would a corporation be? The evidence, according to such political activists like Noam Chomsky and filmmaker Michael Moore and company heads like carpet magnate Ray Anderson, points to a bad one, as the film aims to expose IBM s Nazi ties and these large businesses exploitation of human rights†. 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Capital budget free essay sample

Critically reflect on the importance of capital budgeting. Why is this heated subject in many boardrooms? How does capital budgeting promote the financial health of an organization? How will you use the financial techniques you have learned this week to promote the financial health of your organization? A capital budget is very important for a business. It is a heated subject because a decision about capital budgeting can help the business to determine if the proposed investments or project are worth taking or not. There are two things that a business has to take into consideration when it is making a capital budget decision. First there are financial decisions that have to be made. Second, there is an investment decision that is also made. When the business decided on the investment for a project that they will want to buy with their fund in order to help their business grow; therefore, in order for the business to invest it has to look at the available funds and bottom line of that project. We will write a custom essay sample on Capital budget or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For a budget there are costs to take into consideration in order to begin the project. The business must know how much money it has on hand or avaible so that it can invest into the project and begin working on it. Depending on the investment or project the business might have the funds needed or might have to get other help from outside sources. There are many things that go into an investment for a project. Businesses have to be committed and realize that there are a number of risks that come with any type of investment. Also, the project could cost a lot of money and it will have to deal with certain restrictions that are set with regulations. In most cases, the decision makers will be held accountable for whatever risks or returns that company might come across. As a result, those who are making the decisions would have to answer to their owners or shareholders if things do not go according to plans. It is important that the business can pay for any new project/investment that it makes. In making decisions on an investment one has to know what returns the investment could make or bring for the business. If the business was to make an investment on a project that was not right or not profitable the smart thing to do would be to not invest in the project or consider it at all. An investment that does not make any money can be wasteful for the business and make it lose a lot of money in the long run. That is why it is important for those who make the decision to evaluate all of their alternatives, risks, and returns, etc in order to decide on whether or not to reject or accept a project that it might have in mind. As a result, to promote the financial health of any organization one should know the present value of the investment and have a good ideal of how long that investment will take to mature and give back returns. In order to create a capital budget I have to consider the needs of the organization, look at the finances, goals, and position that the business is. In doing I could make a decision about the needs of that business. Second, I would have to collect, compare, analyze, and evaluate the cash and financial statements in order to compare the cost and revenue. It would give me some lead way into the position of the business when it moves forward to the future. Third, the capital budget would have to be compared to the cash flow, because it will help me to know how important it is to make the investment only if it increases the financial bottom line and increase the total financial performance of the business. I can use the estimates that I have for the capital that is needed and the financial situation of the business to compare and decided when and how the capital investment will be recovered. If it is an acceptable recovery, it is likely that the upper management will approved the capital budget. Lastly, when all things come into place I can create a budget, make sure that figures are accurate, and present it to upper management, once approved. I will make sure that the funds are available, be there to make sure that everything with the project goes according to plans. The following are capital budget techniques that a business should use when trying to evaluate, analyze, and decide on which investment to use. Net Present Value are present value of all cash flows connect to an investment Internal Rate of Return is the discounted rate that equates the present value of an investments future cash flows with the investments cost. Profitability Index Payback Period measures how many years it takes to recuperate the initial investment of a project.

Tuesday, April 21, 2020

Poems of Ogden Nash free essay sample

Examines social human insights in three works on sleep by American humorist Ogden Nash. The purpose of this research is to examine selected poems from three collections by Ogden Nash. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context in which each poetry collection emerged, and then to discuss, by means of comparison and contrast, how the poems reflect both Nashs humor and his strategy of social commentary. In three collections of poetry, Im a Stranger Here Myself, Versus, and You Cant Get There From Here, Nash uses light verse to accomplish the work of insight into certain realities of contemporary human experience. Although Nashs reputation is as an indefatigable American rhymester (Atwood 81), it would be misleading to confine his range of concern to diverting humor. For as a matter of fact, the evidence of the poems is that they are meant to oblige the reader to focus on realities that are not always. We will write a custom essay sample on Poems of Ogden Nash or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .